How to solve your business disputes outside of court

Arbitration, on the other hand, involves a sole arbitrator or a three-member Tribunal weighing the evidence and reaching a legally binding decision. 

Whilst it is probably the form of ADR closest to court litigation, there are many important distinctions.

Many businesses prefer arbitration because it allows them to have a decision maker who is an expert in the area of the dispute, it allows them to decide who that decision maker is (if they wish), it allows them flexibility to agree how the process should run, it is often less costly and quicker than litigation, and it offers a legally binding award with the ability to enforce that award in a great number of jurisdictions. 

And for those businesses worried about any negative publicity the case will bring, both mediation and arbitration are confidential.

How can I prepare for a dispute before it arises?

There's an obvious reason why many small businesses don't use ADR: they don't know what it is! 

If they are clued up, it is then sometimes the case that they only think about using it when it's too late.

The best time to think about agreeing to use ADR is at the time you are entering into a contract with the other party. 

This is because in order to use any form of ADR, there must be written agreement between all parties to the dispute to do so, and that agreement is invariably most difficult to obtain after a dispute has arisen and tempers are flared. 

Which is why businesses need to be proactive.

Small businesses rarely have in-house legal teams or the resources to call in lawyers, but there are ways for them to become legally-savvy using the many resources available to them online. 

The Chartered Institute of Arbitrators (CIArb), for example, has a FAQ page for less experienced users, and has template mediation and arbitration clauses available for free on its website (ciarb.org). 

These clauses can be used and/or adapted by businesses when they are entering into their business contracts, so that, in the event a dispute arises later down the line, either party can rely on that clause to bring the dispute to mediation or arbitration.

Are there any ADR schemes tailored to small business disputes?

There has recently been a wave of court fee increases, which has priced many small businesses out of accessing justice through the court system. 

To counteract this, some institutions have started to develop schemes catered to small businesses and/or lower value disputes. 

The Business Arbitration Scheme (BAS) is one such scheme.

The scheme, which applies to claims of between £5,000 - £100,000, was developed by CIArb with small businesses in mind, and allows them a means of arbitrating their dispute for a fixed cost, with the promise a legally binding award in less than three months from the appointment of a sole arbitrator. 

The scheme is simple enough for the layperson to understand so parties can represent themselves if they wish. 

Further details about the scheme, as well as guidance notes and a free BAS arbitration clause, can be found on CIArb's website. 

A recent survey conducted by CIArb indicated that within a pool of its members and small businesses:

• 94% found the scheme to be an attractive proposition for small businesses involved in low to medium value disputes;
• 93% found the cost of the scheme appealing;
• 98% found the short timetable of benefit; and
• 96% found the scheme easy to understand.

The Government has also taken note of the disproportionate hardship facing small businesses in dispute, and has recently introduced a Small Business Commissioner to handle late payment complaints and bullying from larger suppliers, with the power to 'name and shame'. 

The Commissioner will also provide general advice and 'signpost' parties in dispute to established ADR providers like CIArb.

ADR should no longer be a confusing or frightening proposition for small businesses. 

By researching and planning ahead, in particular at the stage of entering into contracts or drawing up terms and conditions, small businesses can take full advantage of the range of dispute resolution options available to them, and select the option that will work best for them should they find themselves in a dispute later down the line. 

It's true, knowledge really is key!